動名詞的作用

作者:陳雲飛&許文達&夏進

動名詞的作用

動名詞當主詞

這時和不定詞的功能大致相同,意即用動名詞形式,以這個動作為主詞。

Playing basketball is one of my favorite activities.

=To play basketball is one of my favorite activities.

(打籃球是我最喜歡的活動之一。)

注意:

動名詞當主詞,動詞用單數型。

句型簡單、沒有其他補充可能導致句意混淆的情況時,可用所有格修飾動名詞。

 I was astonished by his being emotional.(我對他的情緒化感到驚訝。)

動名詞當受詞

在前文,已經討論過不定詞和動名詞在當直接受詞時的不同。除此之外,只有動名詞,可以做為介係詞的受詞。

S.+Vi.+介係詞+V-ing

Thank you for helping me so much.(○)

≠ Thank you for to help me so much.(×)

下列片語之後常接動名詞

1.give up(放棄)

2.keep (on)/go on(繼續)

3.look forward to(期盼)

4.when it comes to(談到…)

5.owing/due to(由於)

6.devote oneself to/be-V devoted to(貢獻)

7.addict oneself to/be addicted to(沈迷於)

8.in addition to(除了…之外還…)

9.in regard/reference/relation/respect to(關於)

10.be-V busy (in) V-ing/be busy with N(忙於…)

動名詞慣用句型

習慣於

I used to get up early when I was in elementary school.

(我小學時習慣早起。)

花費

人+spend+錢/時間+(in) V-ing/on+N.(主詞是人)

S.+take+……+時間+to+V (常以虛主詞it或動名詞開頭)

S.+cost+錢+to V.(常以虛主詞it或動名詞開頭)

She spends ten years working on this program.

(她花了十年運作這項計畫。)

=It takes her ten years to work on this program.

(運作這項計畫花了她十年。) 虛主詞it

=Working on this program takes her ten years.

(運作這項計畫花了她十年。) 事情為主詞

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