動詞時態:現在完成式

作者:陳雲飛&許文達&夏進

動詞時態:現在完成式

動詞型態 have∕has+p.p.

【表示完成】

例1.He has just come back.(他剛回來)。

例2.I have already seen it.(我已經看過了。)

例3.In recent years, Taiwan has been many changes.

(近年來,台灣已有許多改變。)

例4.I have read six novels this month.(這個月,我已看過六本小說了。)

例5.He has done a lot of housework so far.(到目前為止他已做了很多家事。)

【表示曾經有的經驗】

例1.He has gone to Japan; he is not here.

(他已經去日本了;他現在不在這裏。)

例2.I have been to Hong Kong several times.(我曾去過香港幾次。)

例3.Harry Potter is one of the best books that I have ever read.

(哈利波特是我看過最好的書之一。)

【表示繼續一段時間】

例1.I have lived here for ten years.(我住在這裡已經十年了。)

例2.She has been ill since Monday.(她從星期一以來就在生病。)

現在完成進行式

動詞型態 have∕has been+V-ing

【表繼續至今】   

例1.We have been studying English for three years.

(我們已經學了三年的英文。──現在仍在學。)

例2.Thomas has been reading since this morning.

(從今早起,Thomas一直在看書。──現在還在看。)

【說明】

本時式是用來敘述「從過去某時開始,一直繼續到目前的動作」。其特點在強調「動作還在持續」性質。但也有「可能剛剛完成」,如:

He’s very tired; he has been working hard all day.(他很累;他整天都在用功讀書。)

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