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三大子句
作者:陳雲飛&許文達&夏進一、名詞子句
引導名詞子句的連接詞
1.從屬連接詞:that, whether, if(是否)
2.疑問代名詞:what, which , who∕whom∕whose
3.疑問副詞:when, where, why, how
4.複合關係代名詞:what, whoever, whomever, whosever
名詞子句的字序
試比較下列各句:
含有疑問詞的疑問句 |
名詞子句 |
Where does he live? What did she say? |
[I don’t know where he lives. [Do you know what she said? |
Who is she? What time is it? |
[I wonder who she is. [Tell me what time it is. |
Where is he? Will she come? |
[Where he is unknown to me. [Whether she will come or not is unimportant to me. |
that在名詞子句的用法
1.在下列情形that通常不省略:
用法 |
例句 |
作主詞 |
It is certain that he will succeed.(他一定會成功。) |
作主詞補語 |
The problem is that I am short of money.(問題是我缺錢。) |
作同位語 |
He told me the news that our team had won the race. (他告訴我的消息是,我們的隊已獲勝這場比賽。) |
2.下列情形that常省略:
用法 |
例句 |
作動詞的 |
Do you think (that) it will rain tomorrow? (你認為明天會下雨嗎?) |
置於形容詞之後 |
I’m glad (that) you passed the math examination. (我很高興你通過數學考試了。) |
二、形容詞子句
引導形容詞子句的連接詞
1.關係代名詞:who, whom, whose, which, that, as, but, what
2.關係副詞:when, where, why, how
3.關係形容詞:which, what, whose, whichever, whatever
形容詞子句的功用
用法 |
例句 |
修飾主詞 |
The student who answered the question was Joe. (回答問題的學生是喬。)〔修飾主詞the student〕 |
修飾受詞 |
Heaven helps those who help themselves. (天助自助者。)〔修飾受詞those〕 |
修飾主詞 |
This is the house where(=in which)I lived in my childhood. (這就是我童年住過的房子。) |
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