隨時態與主詞人稱不同而變化者

作者:陳雲飛&許文達&夏進

隨時態與主詞人稱不同而變化者

Do、does、did、has、have、had。

助動詞片語

had better=may as well(最好)

ought to=should(應該)

would rather……(than)……(寧願……也不願)

may well(有足夠理由)

 1.   He may well get angry. =He has good reason to get angry.

(他有理由生氣。)

 2.   I would rather starve than steal. =I prefer to starve than to steal.

(我寧願挨餓也不願偷竊。)

重要助動詞

(一)have

1.一般動詞用:

用法

例句

「有」

Everyone has a name.(每個人有一個名字。)

Have+受詞+原V/p.p.

I have him wash my car.

(我叫他洗我的車。)

He had his hair cut yesterday.

(他昨天理了髮。)

「必須」(=have to)

I always have to work hard every day.

(我必須每天努力地工作。)

2.作助動詞用:

用法

例句

have+p.p.

I have lived here for 3 years.(我住在這裏已三年了。)

(二)may∕might

1.may:

用法

例句

許可

You may go out at once.(你可以馬上去。)

May I smoke here?(我可以在這裏抽煙嗎?)

推測

It may be true.(這可能是真的。)

He may have said so.(他可能這樣說過。)

目的

He works hard so that he may get good salary.

(他努力工作,以便得到好的薪水。)

祈願

May you succeed!(祝你成功!)

2.might:

用法

例句

may的過去式

She said (that) it might rain.(她說,或許會下雨。)

表示目的

May worked hard so that she might pass the examination.(梅用功以求考試及格。)

假設法

If you were lazy, you might fail.

(你如果懶惰,說不定你會失敗。)

客氣請求

Might I ask your telephone number.(你的電話號碼。)

(三)must

用法

例句

義務、強迫

You must obey your parents.(你必須聽從父母的話。)

強烈的禁止

You must not park here.(你不可以在這裏停車。)

肯定的推測

You must be tired.(你一定很累了。)

It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet now.(昨晚一定下過雨,因為現在地面是潮濕的。)

 

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