易混淆動詞

作者:陳雲飛&許文達&夏進

易混淆動詞

spend∕take∕cost

 Spend

1.spend的主詞是「人」,即指「某人在~花多少時間或金錢」。

2.動詞三態是:spend – spent – spent

 例1.      He spends a lot of money on books.(他花費很多錢在書本上。)

 例2.      My sister spent three hours (in) watching TV.

(我妹妹花了三個鐘頭看電視) 常把in省略

 

take

It takes+(人)+時間+to+V

1.此句型常以it作主詞,作「做~需要花費多少時間」解。

2.如果take之後接名詞時,則作「需要」解。

3.動詞三態是:take – took – taken

 例1.      It took me half an hour to walk there.

=It took half an hour for me to walk there.

(我花了半個小時才走到那裏。)

 例2.      It takes a lot of courage to tell the truth.(說真話需要很大的勇氣。)

 

 Cost

1.cost的主詞通常是事物,即指:

(1)某物值多少錢

(2)某人花了多少錢

(3)使(某人)犧牲(喪失)~

2.動詞三態是:cost – cost – cost

3.cost雖然是及物動詞,但不能用被動語態。

例1.        This coat costs 1,000 dollars.(這件外套價值一千元。)

例2.        This bicycle cost me 2,000 dollars.(這部腳踏車花了我兩千元。)

例3.        Sitting up late may cost you your health.(熬夜可能會使你失去健康。)

lie∕lay

 lie

1.lie – lay – lain – lying(vi.) 躺;位於

2.lie – lied – lied – lying(vi.) 說謊

例1.        He has lain in bed for two months.(他已經在床上躺了兩個月了。)

例2.        Taipei lies to the north of Taiwan.(台北位於台灣的北方)

例3.        You are lying to me.(你在騙我。)

 

 lay

lay – laid – laid – laying(vt.) 放置,舖設;下蛋,產(卵)

例1.        Mom laid her hands on my shoulder.(母親把手放在我的肩上。)

例2.        These hens lay eggs every day.(這些雞每天下蛋。)

例3.        They are laying a new carpet in the dining room.(他們在餐廳舖新地毯。)

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