易混淆之動詞

作者:陳雲飛&許文達&夏進

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易混淆之動詞

(一)spend∕take∕cost

 spend    

1.spend的主詞是「人」,即指「某人在~花多少時間或金錢」。

2.動詞三態是:spend – spent – spent

 He spends a lot of money on books.(他花費很多錢在書本上。)

 My sister spent three hours (in) watching TV.

(我妹妹花了三個鐘頭看電視)→常把in省略

take

It takes+(人)+時間+to+V

1.此句型常以it作主詞,作「做~需要花費多少時間」解。

2.如果take之後接名詞時,則作「需要」解。

3.動詞三態是:take – took – taken

 It took me half an hour to walk there.  

=It took half an hour for me to walk there.

(我花了半個小時才走到那裏。)

  It takes a lot of courage to tell the truth.(說真話需要很大的勇氣。)

cost

事/物+ cost +(人)+金錢

1.cost的主詞通常是事物,即指:

(1)某物值多少錢

(2)某人花了多少錢

(3)使(某人)犧牲(喪失)~

2.動詞三態是:cost – cost – cost

3.cost雖然是及物動詞,但不能用被動語態。

 This coat costs 1,000 dollars.(這件外套價值一千元。)

 This bicycle cost me 2,000 dollars.(這部腳踏車花了我兩千元。)

  Sitting up late may cost you your health.

(熬夜可能會使你失去健康。)

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