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下列的動詞或片語不能用被動式
作者:陳雲飛&許文達&夏進take place (發生) belong to (屬於)
happen (發生) break out (爆炸)
occur (發生) consist of (組成)
A car accident happened here a week ago.(○)
A car accident was happened here a week ago.(×)
(一個星期前在這裏發生了車禍。)
This house belongs to me now.(○)
This house is belonged to me now. (×)
(這棟房子現在屬於我。)
以「動名詞」或「不定詞」表被動語態
下列動詞看似主動,但其實含有被動的意義:
1.be worth+V-ing(值得…)
2. need/want/require+V-ing(需要…)
The book is worth reading.
=The book is worthy to be read.
=The book is worthy of being read.(這本書值得一讀。)
My car needs checking.
=My car needs to be checked.(我的車子需要檢查。)
用其他介系詞代替by
在被動語態中,表示行為者的介系詞,通常用by;
但有些動詞不用by而要用其他的介系詞(如to, in, at, with…)。
be |
動詞的過去分詞 |
介詞 |
||||
be |
acquainted (認識) covered (覆蓋) satisfied (滿意) |
with |
||||
be |
amazed (驚訝) astonished (吃驚) surprised (驚訝) shocked (震驚) disappointed (失望) |
at |
||||
be |
interested (感興趣) engaged (從事於) |
in |
||||
be |
devoted (獻身於) known (為~所知) engaged (與…訂婚) |
to |
The mountain is covered with snow.(山被雪所覆蓋。)
I was surprised at the news.(這消息使我吃驚。)
He is interested in art.(他對美術感興趣。)
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